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Are the United States and Europe destined to be economic also-rans to countries that have learned to use cellular telephones in place of cash or credit cards? Commonly known as mobile payment or m-payment, mobile phone-based payment systems have evolved in recent years. Initially, a voice connection or a text message was required to initiate and settle a transaction, but today's m-payment customers simply wave their phones over a sensor to complete a purchase on the spot.

M-payments are big, popular businesses in Japan and Korea, used for millions of transactions a month. Everything from restaurant bills to convenience-store goods to cinema tickets are purchased with this technology. M-payments have a lot to offer consumers and companies: easier and faster checkout, lower transaction and operational costs, and built-in passwords that ensure a customer's security.

But although they have features that could transform the purchasing experience, these systems have so far failed to spark much interest in the U.S. and Europe. The reasons reveal a great deal about the prospects for innovative financial services, and about the underlying nature of telecommunications evolution.

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For most of the world, turning the dream of mobile payments into reality has long met with frustration. M-payment - shorthand for using a cell phone to pay for goods and services - has morphed over the years. In its early form, it involved using a voice or SMS connection to initiate and settle a transaction; lately it has evolved into a far more convenient process that turns cell phones into one-step instant payment devices. Customers simply wave their phones over a sensor and the transaction is completed on the spot.

For consumers, mobile payments mean no more fishing for credit cards or cash, and, with prepaid services, no more monthly bills to worry about. M-payments are catching fire in Japan and Korea, but have so far failed to spark much interest in Europe and the U.S. The efforts in those two regions have faltered mainly for two reasons: The technology wasn't in place, and the stakeholders - banks, credit card issuers, handset makers, and telecommunications companies - have worked at cross purposes.

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